The Ministry of Health and Welfare supervises the operation of the NHI program through making and implementing policies.

As a non-profit institution, the National Health Insurance Service is a single insurer that provides health insurance to all citizens living in Korea. The NHIS is responsible for operating a health insurance program including --

• Managing the eligibility of the insured
• Collecting Insurance Contribution
• Making the medical service (insurance benefit) fee contract with representatives of health care providers
• Providing health Insurance Benefitss

The Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) evaluates the medical service fee, quality of health care, and adequacy of medical service.

All Koreans except those belonging to the lower-income group enroll to the compulsory health insurance. Healthcare providers may not refuse to treat NHI patients, and all enrollees should pay the contributions monthly.